Inverters

Inverters for solar power plants

Inverters are among the crucial components of solar power plants. While solar modules are often highlighted as the main components in the renewable energy sector, the generated solar energy wouldn't reach its final consumer without a high-quality inverter. Given the complexity of solar energy systems, the solar inverter is an indispensable element that transforms sunlight into grid-compatible electrical energy. 

As the world continues to see renewable energy as the cornerstone of sustainable development, the evolution of solar inverters remains an ongoing process. Technology innovations focus on increasing energy efficiency, improving grid integration and reducing costs, making solar energy more affordable and economically viable for broader demographic groups.

Moreover, with increasing attention to energy storage solutions, the integration of advanced battery technologies with solar energy inverters can reshape the dynamics of energy management. This integration provides greater energy autonomy and resilience against fluctuating energy demands and supplies.

Understanding the functions of solar inverters

Solar energy inverters are devices that convert the direct current (DC) generated by solar modules into alternating current (AC), which is required for most electrical appliances and the electrical grid.

When sunlight hits the surface of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, it generates an electron flow, creating direct current (DC) due to the photovoltaic effect. However, the majority of our electrical infrastructure and devices operate on alternating current (AC). Due to this difference between the direct current produced by solar collectors and the alternating current needed for most electrical appliances, an essential intermediary component is required: the solar inverter. Their efficiency directly impacts the overall performance and productivity of a solar energy system.

By converting the direct current (DC) produced by solar collectors into alternating current (AC), solar inverters facilitate the seamless integration of solar energy into the general energy and electrical supply grid. This enables homes, businesses, and communities to utilise renewable energy for their everyday electrical needs. 

Moreover, solar inverters serve as gatekeepers for solar energy systems, regulating the flow of electricity and ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the entire system. They encompass various safety measures and protective mechanisms to reduce potential risks, such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and fluctuations in grid frequency, safeguarding the solar energy system and the electrical grid from any adverse effects.

Inverters and their types

In the field of solar energy, it is crucial to understand the various types of inverter connections to ensure the effective integration of solar energy systems with existing electrical infrastructure. Different connection configurations allow the adaptation to various applications, meeting the specific needs of residential, commercial, and communal solar energy installations. The key types of connections commonly used in inverters include:

Single-phase inverter

Single-phase inverters are predominantly used in residential solar energy installations and smaller commercial systems. They are designed for lower power usage, typically up to 10 kW, and are suitable for applications where energy demand is relatively modest. Single-phase connections are compatible with standard household electrical systems, ensuring a straightforward integration process and smooth electricity supply for everyday appliances.

Three-phase inverter

Three-phase inverters are employed in larger-scale commercial and industrial solar energy installations where energy demand is significantly higher. They can handle power outputs ranging from 10 kW to several megawatts, making them ideal for situations requiring substantial electrical energy. Three-phase connections ensure greater energy transmission efficiency, reliability, and stability, making them the preferred choice for businesses and industrial sectors with substantial energy needs.

Grid-forming inverters

Grid-forming inverters represent an advanced category capable of synchronising with the electrical grid and operating independently without the need for grid connection. They play a crucial role in off-grid and remote locations, where establishing a stable and reliable power source is essential. Grid-forming inverters ensure smooth energy generation and distribution, support grid stability, and enable the efficient utilisation of renewable energy sources, even in isolated environments.

Hybrid inverters

Hybrid inverters integrate the functions of a standard solar inverter with those of a battery inverter, allowing energy storage solutions to be seamlessly integrated into solar energy systems. They are designed for use both grid-connected and off-grid, providing flexibility to efficiently store excess solar energy in batteries for later use. Hybrid inverters help maximise self-consumption of energy, optimise energy management, and ensure uninterrupted power supply, especially in low sunlight conditions or during power outages.

Microinverters and energy optimisation tools

Microinverters and power optimisers are innovative junction technologies operating at the individual panel level, optimising the performance of each solar panel in an array. By mitigating the impact of shadows, impurities, or panel-level fluctuations, they enhance the overall efficiency and productivity of the entire solar energy system. Microinverters and power optimisers enable monitoring and control of the panel status, making the system visible and manageable, which is particularly beneficial in installations with complex roof configurations or challenging environmental conditions.

Selecting an inverter based on technical specifications  

• System size and type. Ensure the inverter's power capacity aligns with the size and type of your solar PV system, considering factors such as the number of solar collectors and the projected capacity.
• Efficiency rating. Pay attention to the efficiency coefficient, indicating how efficiently the current will be converted. Choose an inverter with a high efficiency rating to ensure optimal conversion of solar energy into usable electrical power.  
• Power output. Consider the maximum output power of the inverter, which should match the size of your solar PV system to avoid power loss.
• Voltage range and MPPT. Choose inverters with a wide voltage range and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) capabilities to ensure optimal capabilities to ensure compatibility with your solar panels and optimise energy harvesting in varying conditions. 
• Durability and warranty. Prioritise high-quality, robustly constructed inverters with an extended warranty to guarantee longevity and protection against potential faults or damages. The warranty for inverters offered by Pinus LT spans 5 years (with an optional extension of +10 years).
• Cooling system. We recommend choosing inverters with efficient cooling systems to prevent overheating and ensure consistent operation, especially in high-temperature environments.
• Monitoring and communication features. Consider inverters with monitoring and communication functions for real-time data monitoring, system analysis, and remote control. This enhances overall system visibility and control. 
• Budget and life cycle costs. Evaluate initial costs along with long-term maintenance and operational expenses, considering the overall lifecycle costs of the inverter. This ensures the best return on your investment.
• Compatibility with battery storage. If planning to integrate a battery storage system in the future, opt for hybrid inverters capable of efficiently managing both solar energy generation and storage.
• Technical support and maintenance. Choose reputable brands that offer reliable technical support, maintenance services, and easily accessible spare parts. This minimises downtime and ensures efficient resolution of potential issues.

By carefully assessing these technical features and key aspects, a well-informed decision can be made when selecting a solar energy inverter that meets specific system requirements, thereby enhancing energy efficiency, performance, and overall return on investment.

Online Availability of Inverters:

Advanced solar inverter technology ensures faster energy production, greater reliability, and higher quality. The Bluesun inverters offered by Pinus Solar provide a diverse range, allowing for consultations with specialists who offer detailed guidance and expedite the search for the most suitable device.

Our inverters and energy storage solutions:

• Residential inverters. Available in single-phase or three-phase configurations, ranging from 3 kW to 15 kW in power.
• Commercial inverters. Ideal for businesses seeking advanced features and broader capabilities. Recommended three-phase inverters with power ranging from 30 kW to 50 kW.
• Utility inverters. Offered in three-phase, with a power capacity of 100 kW and above.

Bluesun inverters, available at Pinus Solar, are well-suited for Lithuanian and Irish weather conditions. They are resilient to the impact. Temperature fluctuations and humidity do not compromise the functionality of these innovative inverters, ensuring durability.

Pinus Solar inverters are a long-lasting and low-maintenance solution, catering to the innovative needs of environmentally conscious individuals and businesses.